Colored spinning yarn

Color spinning yarn and its color spinning industry

First, color spinning definition

Color spinning yarn generally refers to the yarns containing two or more kinds of fibers of different colors, which are mixed and spun by specific processes. The yarns have specific appearance color styles.

Colored spinning is also called colored fiber spinning. Some or all of the fiber raw materials used before spinning are dyed or colored by the stock solution, and then mixed by the cotton mixer fully and evenly to spin the colored yarn with a unique color mixing effect. The yarn with the fiber dyed in advance does not need to be dyed again in the post-processing process, which not only shortens the processing process, but also reduces the pollution to the environment. The production of color spinning yarn is characterized by variety, small batch, large change and frequent modification. It has strict requirements on the workshop production management, especially the field management of batch, color separation, identification and other division areas, so as to reduce and eliminate the occurrence of quality accidents such as mixed batch, mixed color, different color flying hair and wrong special. Therefore, before the production of color spinning yarn quality requirements should be fully considered, reasonable arrangements should be made, the quality of each channel should be strictly controlled, and quality problems such as color skew, fabric holes, rungs, shadows, different color fibers, cotton knots and defects should be reduced.

There are usually four types of blending processes for colour spun yarns. The first type is the traditional mixing process, which refers to the cotton bag mixing process. One or more kinds of loose fibers of different colors are mixed through the premix and cotton clearing process, so as to ensure the full mixing of the white fiber and the colored fiber, which has a more uniform mixing effect. However, the proportion of raw material mixing is not accurate enough, and the cleaning is difficult. The second category is sliver blending, the grey with colored or contain dyeing fiber is sliver, or bobbin yarn, yarn blending, this method can accurately control the raw material mixing ratio, but the blending of stereoscopic effect is the former is a bit poor, mixed, evenly extent for processing high-grade colored spun yarn, due to the uneven color mixture is easy to produce off color. The third type is to choose different mixing styles of slivers and roving yarn or filament or bobbin yarn mixed in the roving process; The fourth type is the selection of different color mixing styles of roving or sliver with roving or filament or bobbin yarn mixing in the spinning process. Different blending methods and processes will make the color spun yarn have different structure and color style effect.

Color spinning is different from bobbin dyeing in that it does not process 100% dyed fibers, but mixes some dyed fibers in the spinning process. In general, only 10% of the light colored fibers are dyed, and about 90% of the fibers are not dyed. Compared with the traditional process, color spinning yarn is lower carbon, energy saving and environmental protection. Color spinning yarn adopts the processing mode of "dyeing first, spinning later", which changes the traditional production mode of "spinning first, dyeing later". The woven fabric does not need to be dyed and finished, which not only shortens the processing process but also reduces environmental pollution. Relatively speaking, it is an environmental protection and energy saving product. The fabric composed of color-spun yarn has a three-dimensional color mixing style, natural and implicit color, strong hazy sense, can meet the personalized, diversified and fashionable clothing consumption needs of modern consumers, has strong product competitiveness, conforms to the mainstream development trend, and has a huge market demand.

Ii. Development and scale of color spinning industry

(1) Origin and development of color spinning

Color spinning was first used in wool spinning, originated in Europe in the 19th century, and then gradually promoted and applied in cotton spinning, linen spinning and other industries until the middle of the 20th century, transferred to Japan, South Korea and Taiwan. Color cotton spinning in mainland China in the early 1990 s was imported from South Korea and other places, started late, but development speed faster, especially in the Yangtze river delta, zhejiang, jiangsu, Shanghai), because the cotton spinning enterprise with sufficient labor, quick delivery, large supply capacity etc. Advantage, is now in the domestic rapid expansion and growth, Gradually occupy the leading position in the international market. Therefore, it can be said that color spinning originated in Europe, developed in Japan and South Korea, and flourished in China.

Because of the fashion, environmental protection and science and technology of the products, the growth rate of the demand for colored yarn is rising year by year. With the upgrading of the consumption structure, it will grow at twice the speed of ordinary yarn. In the future, with the improvement of people's taste in clothing and the pursuit of natural color, the application proportion of color spinning yarn in textile fabrics will be gradually improved, with broad space for development.

(2) Scale of color spinning industry

Although the color spinning industry started late in our country, it is a new branch of the textile industry and has been developing very well. The production capacity of colored spinning yarn increased from about 100,000 ingot in the initial period to about 5 million ingot in 2009, accounting for about 4.5% of the total spinning capacity, becoming the dominant player in the world market of colored spinning yarn. At present, China's production capacity of color spinning yarn has increased to 6 million ingot, with a large amount of production concentrated in Zhejiang and Jiangsu, such as Xinchang Textile, a global leader in color spinning. At present, colored spinning yarn is still a small variety in the yarn industry. The production scale of middle and high-grade colored spinning yarn in the world is about 2 million ingot, among which, about 1.7 million ingot in China and less than 300,000 ingot overseas. According to the research report of Noomei Consulting, at present, the application proportion of colored yarn in the field of clothing fabric is respectively: sweater 25%, knitted fabric 15%, woven fabric 3%. Sweater application is relatively mature, outerwear is the main direction of growth; The development momentum of knitted fabric field is good, sports clothing fabric, home clothing fabric, outdoor clothing fabric is the main growth point; The application of woven fabrics is still in its infancy and has great potential for growth, especially in the fields of household textile fabrics, shirts and casual wear fabrics. If the future yarn industry is divided into yarn-weaving, cloth dyeing and color spinning, the scale of the color spinning industry will exceed 20 million yarn spindles.

At present, the overall production capacity of the color spinning industry is not large. The main reasons are as follows: the color spinning process is complex, the entry threshold is high, the enterprise's operation, technology, management level, supply capacity and other comprehensive ability requirements are high; The production process is complex, most domestic enterprises can not produce, the supply is limited, and the enterprise capital strength and scale have high requirements, because the batch is small, the variety is large, when the output is small, the unit product cost is high, there is no product cost advantage, resulting in limited market share expansion. However, high barriers to entry are conducive to the healthy development of existing enterprises. As the competition of ordinary spinning becomes more and more fierce, some ordinary spinning enterprises will transform into color spinning enterprises, and more and more enterprises will take the road of color spinning. The color spinning enterprise with research and development ability will bring differentiated products, and eventually lead the color spinning industry to move forward.